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Organic Chemistry Phd Programs
Friday, April 3, 2020
Chemistry As a Science For A New Student
Chemistry As a Science For A New StudentChemistry is a fundamental study and is often used as a shorthand for the study of the chemical elements. Students are taught basic concepts about atoms, molecules, and the forces that relate them. Along with biology, it is one of the three core science disciplines, along with physics and mathematics.Chemistry teaches us how to use scientific principles to discover the properties of compounds and understand how nature works. The methods of this discipline can be found in many ways in everyday life. These days, chemistry teachers often use a big poster to direct students, outlining different reactions, chemical reactions, and chemical molecules. This also allows teachers to analyze reactions from many different perspectives.Many of the chemical elements and compounds are made by combining two different chemical elements into one another. For example, nitrogen and oxygen combine together to make ammonia, while sodium and potassium combine to form potassium nitrate.Other chemicals include acids, bases, and alkalis. We need to understand the way in which these properties change when they occur in different combinations and how these properties affect one another.Chemists use the science of chemistry to see if there is a relationship between the chemical properties and the physical properties of substances. They also use it to design new compounds and processes, such as synthetic organic chemistry. This process involves creating materials and techniques with chemistry that was not previously available.With this kind of application of chemistry, chemistry teachers often give their students specific projects to take on. A student may have to investigate a problem, determine how elements and compounds interact or produce an experiment that answers a question. Chemistry is very much a hands-on course.While chemistry is not necessary in every class, it is a staple for most majors. It can be taught to a new student through a single semester of science or chemistry and advanced chemistry courses, and it can be taken online with accelerated chemistry, which can help students prepare for the high school AP exams.
Sunday, March 22, 2020
Resources to Learn Statistics
Resources to Learn Statistics Resources for Statistical Modelling and Hypothesis Testing ChaptersStatistics in a NutshellHow to Analyse Data Like a StatisticianAdvice for Learning StatisticsImagine youâre Caesar Augustus, Julius Caesarâs heir. Youâre in ancient Rome and yes, youâre wearing one of those leather-clad gladiator skirts. Ruling an empire has been glamorized through 21st century blockbuster films, but you - being Caesar Augustus - know that the quality of life for most people can actually be quite dismal. So, you decide to turn towards an unlikely ally in keeping your citizens happy and healthy: statistical analysis. Read this guide to find out why!Finding help for crafting an experiment can be as simple as clicking a button! AisvaryaData Analysis Teacher 5.00 (4) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AdeyemiData Analysis Teacher 5.00 (4) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AdenikeData Analysis Teacher 5.00 (4) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ThanushanData Analysis Teacher 5.00 (4) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GokhanData Analysis Teacher 5.00 (4) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors OlawaleData Analysis Teacher £12/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AisvaranData Analysis Teacher 5.00 (4) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Muhammad umairData Analysis Teacher 5.00 (2) £100/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsStatistics in a NutshellThe majority of people today understand the basics of data analysis and statistical methods but arenât normally held privy to just how impactful statistical inference has been in shaping the world around us. While modern fields like biostatistics and machine learning do a lot in turning statistical data into products and services that make our lives easier, statisticians have been around since, well, before Rome.Caesar Augustus executed a decree to conduct the first-ever census of Rome, where officials would make use of the categorical and numerical, demographical data to make better decisions on policy, health and commerce. Fast-forwarding centuries later, after the invention of Bayesian statistics, the work of the statistician is to describe data and make inferential decisions based on a sample size.Expanding from more than simply collecting demographical and registry data, statistics has evolved to provide important indicators on agriculture, the economy and more.How to Analyse Data Like a StatisticianNow that you understand a bit about the origins of mathematical statistics, it can be worth exploring the way probability and statistics is structured. Whether you need help collecting sample data or simply want to know more about the normal distribution, troubleshoot any question by recalling the two major divisions within the discipline: inferential and descriptive statistics.Descriptive StatisticsThe most common forms of statistical analyses take the form of descriptive statistics. Also known as exploratory analysis, descriptive strive to both analyse the content of and display either quant itative data or qualitative data. Every study design includes at least a preliminary exploratory analysis using descriptive statistics before constructing a confidence interval or running a linear regression.The measures included in this branch include measures of central tendency, which include aspects like the sample mean, median and mode. Alongside these indicators are measures of spread, such as the variances, covariance, and standard deviation of raw data.Inferential StatisticsThe other branch of statistics uses probability theory and the notion of a probability distribution in order to test a hull hypothesis against an alternative hypothesis through parametric and non-parametric models, including general linear or regression models. Using assumptions such as the Gauss-Markov assumptions for classical linear regression, you can conduct a multivariate analysis to draw estimators for both an independent variable and dependent variables.All this to say inferential statistics is, i n a nutshell, fitting a model to a set of data in order to make predictions for values outside that data set.Statistics measures are diverse and can fall under both inferential and descriptive statisticsAdvice for Learning StatisticsWhether youâre learning about a binomial distribution, how to correctly interpret effect size or need help creating an awesome data visualization, there are plenty of online resources for every skill level of statistician. Now that youâre familiar with the basics of statistics and have untangled some of the many different paths you can take when analysing data, youâll need some tools to help you accomplish things like perfecting your experimental design and statistical methodology or understand how to run a regression analysis using statistical software.Whether youâre a seasoned mathematician or are curious to learn more about the world of data scientists, here are some of the best resources for understanding the world of data and statistical the ory by theme.Statistical Models and ProgrammingBecause the field of statistics is so broad, you will typically find software or issue-specific websites when trying to trouble-shoot any conceptual or technical statistics issues you might be having. For this reason, finding a website that houses content covering broad swaths of information, from constructing confidence intervals to machine learning, can be especially helpful if youâre looking for efficiency. Here are some recommendations!Eurostatâs Statistics ExplainedOkay, so starting with something related to a European Union database is quite tricky when dealing with the UK, seeing as itâs not only the UKâs data thatâs being held in a limbo state with regards to official statistics but also the jobs of UK-related official statisticians. Acknowledging that this issue deserves full-length explanations in its own right, and does have many, we can move on and examine Eurostatâs Statistics Explained page.Think of it as the W ikipedia of official statistics, where Eurostat not only provides insight into how to calculate various indicators such as consumer prices but also gives examples using the EUâs data. The topics you can discover and gather data from range from sustainability development goals to sports and tourism. Whether youâre looking for categorical data or numerical data for your next research project or want to find graphics to use in a newspaper article, youâll find everything you need here.Towards Data ScienceIf youâre looking for less euro-centric data, head over to TDS to find more technical explanations on subjects like statistical significance, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and more. The website is organized into six different subjects related to inferential statistics covering data science, machine learning, programming, AI, visualization and journalism.This resource is perfect for both students and professionals who either want to learn more about specific topics or are looking for examples on how to execute specific tasks. For example, students might be more interested in explanations on chi-square tables or how to correctly differentiate between outliers and influentials within a data set. Professionals, on the other hand, might be more interested in learning about how to improve their data visualizations by using different Python libraries such as Pandas or Matplotlib.StackoverflowWhether youâre stuck on a specific bit of code related to running a regular, least squares regression model or are having trouble with excel commands, this is the best place to go for answers by real people. Designed as a public forum for developers, youâll be able to search through over 16 million questions related to coding issues in a range of different software.Stack ExchangeSimilar to Stackoverflow, Stack Exchange is a forum where anybody can answer or ask a question in various different topics. The difference, however, is that Stack exchange has a website specific to statistics called Cross Validated. Here, youâll be able to unpack more mathematical and conceptual questions related to statistical data analysis and statistical techniques. From how to analyse ordinal data to how to correctly interpret a correlation coefficient, someoneâs most likely had your question before - and answered it.Get help with statistics problems online for free!Issue Specific ResourcesWhether you want to run a parametric model to find an estimator or want to learn how to wield software to run tests on observational data, youâll find plenty of resources that explain a specific issue thoroughly. This can mean that youâre either looking for a website dedicated to helping you build knowledge of a specific software, such as Tableau, or one that enables you to understand a specific topic in more depths, such as randomization in clinical trials. Here are some of the most popular sites to explore.Data VisualizationIf youâre looking for data visualization help, chan ces are youâre probably either looking for a comparison between the different types of visualization tools out there or you need help using a specific software. In the latter case, you should check out StackOverflow or StackExchange, where youâll be able to search for solutions to your visualization question for languages like R, Python, C and more. If youâre looking for different comparisons between software based on your skill level, ranging from non-techie to advanced programmer, here are some data visualization tools you should check out:Datawrapper - for people looking to make a wide range of visualizations without needing to know how to programTableau Public - tableau is for those with a little more experience looking to make highly customisable graphs, charts, maps and more. While some of tableauâs features are price-locked, this version should be enough for non-commercial uses. Students can download a more robust version for free for one year!Polymaps - those looking to implement interactive maps in a web browser, this site hosts a library of JavaScript code for different types of mapsD3js - another JavaScript library for those looking to make an array of different data visualizationsTutorialsPointWhether youâre looking for help in big data and analytics, computer science, engineering and more, this online tutorial site is a great resource to check out. Not only will you be able to get help regarding languages, but also in topics such as AI or agile software development.Statistics TutoringIf youâre better at one-one-one tutoring, check out Superprofâs community of over 140,000 maths tutors for everything related to random variables, inferences and more!
Friday, March 6, 2020
Learning Japanese for Beginners
Learning Japanese for Beginners The Facts About Learning Japanese ChaptersThe Importance of Japanese Writing and Communication for YouHello in JapaneseLearn Japanese: How to Say GoodnightThe Importance of Japanese Grammar: Saying GoodbyeThank You in JapaneseHave a Nice Meal in JapaneseI Love You in JapaneseTelling The Time in JapaneseAnimals in JapaneseFor beginners learning Japanese for the first time, the Japanese language can seem scary. Aside from the different way of writing, you are confronted with a number of new terms such as hiragana and katakana.The Japanese ideograms, writing system, and alphabet are very different from the ones that we know. The pronunciation is sometimes complex. For a beginner, it's true that to speak, or even to write Japanese, can first appear daunting.In this article, we will not be exploring how to learn Nihongo, the form of Japanese taught as a second language to any foreigner. To improve your language skills you can go to a language school or use the Superprof website to hire a local Japanese teacher.Rather, we will look at how to master certain tools in order to create a link with the language and its native speakers.Because, although it is possible to find English speakers in big cities like Tokyo, Osaka, or Kyoto, it will be much more difficult when you leave Japanese megacities, and therefore speaking Japanese will be much more important if you want to have a conversation with a native speaker.In order to communicate in Japan it is essential to have some basic Japanese under your belt.There are plenty of websites aimed at generally helping you develop you Japanese vocabulary. We have concocted this short Japanese vocabulary guide for those wishing to visit Japan and learn about the culture or for those aiming to settle and live in Japan to study there.Japanese classes London or any other UK city produces the best results.
Thursday, March 5, 2020
3 Things Every High School Senior Should Do During Winter Break
3 Things Every High School Senior Should Do During Winter Break Most high school seniors view winter break as the perfect opportunity to sleep and to socialize with family and friends. Of course, if you focus on everything but school, you may return to your classes feeling unproductive and anxious in regard to finishing your coursework, as well as preparing for graduation and college. Although a bit of rest and relaxation is healthy for the often-stressed high school senior, it can greatly benefit you to spend your time wisely during your vacation. Complete these three tasks and you will feel energized and confident when returning to school in January: 1. Finish a portion of your homework each day Your teachers may have assigned you various readings or projects to complete over your winter break. And though it can be tempting to procrastinate, it is also unwise especially during senior year, when your grades matter most. To avoid frantic hours of last-minute work, set a homework schedule and follow it. One good strategy is to spread out your assignments. That way, each task will seem less daunting. Start by reviewing all of your assignments, and then estimate how much time it will take you to complete each one. Divide the total number of hours you will need to finish your work by the number of days in your break. The result is the amount of time you will need to spend on schoolwork each day. Of course, if you know some days will be busier than others, apply more effort on the lighter days. You may also wish to calculate your daily homework time by omitting one day from the total length of your break. That way, you will hypothetically have all of your work done a day early, which allows you the opportunity to resolve any loose ends on the last day of your break if necessary. 2.Complete and submit your college applications Each college has its own application deadline, with early action or early decision applications typically due in November and regular decision applications often due in January. If you are applying to colleges via regular decision and have not yet submitted your applications, winter break is the right time to do so. Ensure all of your applications and supplemental materials like test scores, letters of recommendation, and essays are sent on time. Here are some tips on how to ask for a letter of recommendation. Make a college applicationchecklist and include the name of each college or university, its application deadline, and the required components of its application package. As you complete and send in your applications, check off the name of each school on the list. This will help ensure you do not miss a deadline or fail to include all parts of an application. Here is a college search tip on how to narrow down your application choices. 3.Get a head start on the college financial aid process No matter how you plan on paying for college, it is worth filing a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). These are 6 tips to maximize your search for financial aid. This form is used by the United States Department of Education to determine your qualification for need-based financial aid. Depending on your financial and demographic information, you may qualify for loans, scholarships, and/or grants all of which can help offset the costs of your education. Incoming or continuing college students are required to fill out a new FAFSA form before the start of each academic year in order to qualify for federal financial aid. FAFSA forms become available each January and they should be submitted as quickly as possible. Spend the last few days of your winter break familiarizing yourself with the FAFSA form, and show it to your family. Besides your information, you will need their personal and financial details, including federal tax returns, which can be a time-consuming process. Do both them and yourself a favor by getting started on your FAFSA as soon as the form becomes available.
Factors and Multiples - Math Online Tutoring
Factors and Multiples - Math Online Tutoring What are factors? Numbers that can be multiplied to make another number is called factor. Example: Factors for number 6 are 6, 1 and 2, 3 What are multiples? Number that can be made by multiplying by a certain number is called multiples. Example: Multiples of 6 are 6, 12, 18, 24. GCF: Greatest Common Factor How to find GCF? a) List the prime factors of each number b) Multiply the common factors of both the numbers. Example: GCF of 18 and 24 Prime factors of 18 = 2x 3x3 Prime factors of 24 = 2x2 x2 x 3 There is one 2 and one 3 in common The GCF is 2 x 3 = 6 1) Find LCM of 2 and 5 Answer: Multiplies of 2 are 2,4,6,8,10,12,142 Multiples of 5 are 5,10,15,20,25,30 Least common multiple is 10. NOTE:When LCM and product of numbers is given to find the GCF then the formulaused is LCM x GCF = product of two numbers If x y then LCM (x, y) is x. If x y then GCF (x, y) is y.
How to Buy a Guitar All Your Questions Answered
How to Buy a Guitar All Your Questions Answered Megan L. Getting your first guitar is a super exciting milestone in your musical life! If youve never made such a big purchase before, you might have a lot of questions about how to buy a guitar. In this guide, well go over the basics so you know where to go, what to look for, and the extras youll need to start jamming out. What Kind of Guitar Should I Get? There are two main types of guitars, acoustic and electric. So, whats the difference between the two and what kind of guitar should you buy? Most beginners are perfectly happy learning how to play guitar on an acoustic guitar. The acoustic guitar is made of wood and has a hollow body, with a hole cut out underneath the strings. The hollow body of the acoustic guitar is what amplifies its sound. Youll commonly see folk singers, country musicians, and classical guitarists playing acoustic guitars. Electric guitars are the cornerstone of rock and roll. Youll need to buy an amplifier as well if you decide you want to play electric guitar, as these babies dont make much noise when theyre not plugged in. It is generally a little bit harder to play an acoustic guitar than an electric as youll need to press a little harder on the strings. Many teachers actually recommend starting on acoustic for all guitarists to build finger strength and master technique. The idea being that once youre able to play an acoustic guitar with ease, picking up an electric will be a breeze. How Much Does a Guitar Cost? Depending on what kind of guitar you want and where you go, you can find a guitar at any price point. However, as with all things, the cheapest options are not always the best. Just because you can buy a $5 guitar at a garage sale doesnt mean that you should. If youre just getting started on the guitar, you probably dont want to buy the most expensive instrument. Luckily, there are many affordable options out there for reliable beginner guitars. Yamaha makes some pretty good acoustic guitars starting around $150, and Fenders Squire model is a great inexpensive option if youre looking for your first electric guitar. Where Should I Buy a Guitar? Although you can easily buy guitars online, for your first guitar we recommend visiting a local music shop. Take some time to play or hold several different guitars and get a sense of which instrument is the right fit for you. Guitars can have wider or narrower frets, different sized bodies, and many other variables that might make one guitar more comfortable for you to play than another guitar. Try several guitars both sitting and standing until you find one that feels like it fits your body. If you have a trusted friend or family member who plays guitar, you might ask them to come with you to help you pick out the right guitar for you. Ask them if there is a brand or local store that they would recommend for you. Your guitar teacher, they can also be a great resource to help you find the right instrument. Guitar teachers are very familiar with the special needs beginning guitarists have and can give you a good idea of what to look for in a guitar. Should I Buy a Used Guitar? For many students, a used guitar can be a great, inexpensive option, as long as the guitar is in good condition. Get familiar with the different parts of the guitar so you can quickly learn how to spot a good used instrument. If you choose to buy a used guitar, here are some things to look for: Is the neck straight? Hold the guitar out along the length of your arm and look down the neck. If the neck bows or curves, do not buy the guitar! Youll want a guitar with a nice straight neck so it stays well-tuned. Are the frets worn? If the frets are worn down so that some are higher and some are lower, youll have a much harder time getting the right notes and sound out of your instrument. Do not buy a guitar with worn frets. Is the body warped? Look at the guitars body and notice any bulges, dents or dings. Its okay if there are some scratches in the pick guard or a chip in the finish here and there. Small marks wont affect the sound quality of your instrument. However, if you see a bulge near or under the bridge, do not buy that guitar. What Kinds of Guitar Accessories Do I Need? Once youve found your perfect guitar, youll still need to get a few extras so you can get the most out of your instrument. Heres a quick list of things youll need to get started: Guitar Picks. Picks come in different shapes, thicknesses, and weights. Beginners usually like lighter, softer picks. If youre playing for speed, try a heavier pick. Guitar Strap. Your local guitar store should have lots of strap options for you to choose from. You can express yourself with a fuzzy leopard strap or go basic with plain leather. The important thing is that your strap allows you to play guitar in a standing position, which is important to practice if you plan to perform standing up. Guitar Tuner. Your guitar wont sound too hot unless youre able to keep it in tune. There are several different kinds of tuners, so you can pick the tuner thats best for what you need. Most beginners playing an acoustic guitar are very happy with a chromatic tuner. This type of tuner has a microphone built in and will show you what note you are playing. Guitar Case. Depending on what type of guitar you get and where you shop, a case might be included with your purchase. Hard plastic cases and soft fabric cases are both quite common. If you have the option, we recommend a hard case. Hard cases protect your guitar when you are traveling with it and also allow you to store your guitar in a safe place when youre not playing it. Amplifier and Cables. If youre buying an electric guitar, youll need something to plug it into! You can get a small practice amp for around $100 to $200, or spend more on a big monster stack. Just keep your goals and budget in mind and ask questions at the guitar store. Dont forget to get cables to plug your guitar in to the amp! Once youve got a guitar to call your own, starting private lessons with a great guitar teacher is the next step to success in your musical journey! TakeLessons teachers are available to teach one-on-one lessons in your home, in music studios, and online, so its easy for you to find the right teacher for you. Visit TakeLessons today and find your perfect teacher! Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher You might also like Roadmap of the Notes on a Guitar How to Read Guitar Chords Play Thousands of Songs Using these Guitar Chord Progressions
How to Help a Poor Speller
How to Help a Poor Speller How to Help a Poor Speller For some children, learning to spell is incredibly frustratingand something that never seems to get easier or less confusing. The bad news is that spelling troubles are unlikely to go away on their own. The good news is that there are many things parents can do to help their children become better spellers, and as a result, better students. Here are several tips to help your child improve his or her spelling ability: Encourage mastery of the sight words. You probably recall the words sent home by your childs kindergarten and first grade teachers that you were instructed to have your child memorize by sight. Sight wordsalso known as Dolch wordsare the most frequently used words in the English language. Many sight words have irregular spellings and it is critical that students memorize them and know how to spell them. Make sure your student understands the different sounds that letter combinations make. Reading fluency is achieved through a series of building block skills, including understanding that words are composed of letters and word units and that letters (and letter combinations) make individual sounds. Your child should be able to sound out: Individual letters (consonants and vowels) Blends (such as pl or sm) Digraphs (two letters that make one sound, such as sh or ng) Diphthongs (two vowels that form as one syllable, such as au or ai) Help your child recognize word families. Once your child masters train, give him or her a list of other words that share the same ain ending, such as chain and brain. Guide your child as he or she plays with letter combinations to understand word patterns. Help your child memorize common spelling rules. Scholastic offers a helpful printable chart that summarizes spelling rules for ei vs. ie words, compound words, plurals, possessives, prefixes and suffixes. Once your child memorizes these basics, he or she will be able to apply them consistently and catch his or her spelling mistakes more easily. Practice, practice, practice. Provided a student has a basic understanding of word structure, letter sounds, common spelling rules and relationships between words, repetition is critical to master spelling. As your child studies his or her new weekly spelling words, try the look, visualize, write, check approach. If your child gets tripped up with the same words over and over, practice them in the same way you would if they were brand new spelling words. Spelling takes continued practiceand even adults can struggle with it throughout their lives. Frequent reading and repeated exposure to the spoken and written word are the best ways for students to acquire strong spelling skills. And when problems arise, early intervention is critical (as with all literacy skills). The sooner you can spot and correct spelling difficulties, the easier it will be for your child to become a good speller.
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